Notes

0: TIME AND THE DIVINITY OF THE MOMENT

  1. Stephen Phillips, Yoga, Karma, and Rebirth: A Brief History and Philosophy, (New York: Columbia University Press, 2009), 25–29.
  2. Paul Deussen, Sixty Upanishads of the Veda, Volume 1, (Motilal Banarsidass, 2010), 389–397.
  3. Brhadaranyaka Upanishad (BU), 2.4.4–5.
  4. Chandogya Upanishad, 6.8.7.
  5. Shai Fuchs, Ron Milo, “Revised Estimates for the Number of Human and Bacteria Cells in the Body by Ron Sender,” PLoS Bio 14, no. 8 (Aug 2016): e1002533. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4991899/. 
  6. Lynn Margulis, Symbiotic Planet: A New Look at Evolution, (New York: Basic Books, 1998),160. 
  7. Transistor count, Wikipedia, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transistor_count. 
  8. “Population, 10,000 BCE to 2021,” Our World in Data, https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/population Accessed 2/24/21.
  9. J. Cochran, “Pandemics and Exponential Growth,” University of Alabama, (2020), https://culverhouse.ua.edu/news/2020/04/pandemics-and-exponential-growth/. 
  10. D. A. Russell, “Exponential Evolution: Implications for Intelligent Extraterrestrial Life,” Adv Space Res. 3, no. 9 (1983):95–103. doi: 10.1016/0273-1177(83)90045-5. PMID: 11542467. 
  11. Charles E. Leiserson et al., “There’s Plenty of Room at the Top: What Will Drive Computer Performance After Moore’s Law?” Schardl Science 5, vol. 368, issue 6495 (Jun 2020), https://science.sciencemag.org/content/368/6495/eaam9744.
  12. Ray Kurzweil, The Singularity is Near, (New York: Penguin Group, 2005), 17.
  13. International Journal of Theoretical and Mathematical Physics p-ISSN: 2167-6844 e-ISSN: 2167–6852, 2015; 5(3): 53–54 doi:10.5923/j.ijtmp.20150503.03.
  14. S. J. Hagen, “Exponential Growth of Bacteria: Constant Multiplication through Division” American Journal of Physics 78, 1290 (2010) https://doi.org/10.1119/1.3483278.
  15. R. Mangabeira Unger and L. Smolin, The Singular Universe and the Reality of Time, (Cambridge University Press, 2015), 353.
  16. D. An, K. Meissner, P. Nurowski, R. Penrose, ”Apparent Evidence for Hawking Points in the CMB Sky,” arXiv (2018), https://arxiv.org/abs/1808.01740v4. 
  17. Celine M. Vidal, Christine S. Lane, Asrat Asfawrossen, et al. “Age of the Oldest Known Homo Sapiens from Eastern Africa,” Nature 601, 7894, (Jan 2022): 579–583. doi:10.1038/s41586-021-04275-8. PMID 35022610. 
  18. Blend Berisha, Big Data Analytics in Cloud Computing: An Overview (University of Prishtina 2021), doi: 10.13140/RG.2.2.26606.95048.
  19. J. Twenge, A. B. Cooper, T. Joiner, M. Duffy, S. Binau, “Age, Period, and Cohort Trends in Mood Disorder Indicators and Suicide-Related Outcomes in a Nationally Representative Dataset, 2005–2017,” Journal of Abnormal Psychology 128, no.3 (2019).
  20. X. Mi, M. Ippoliti, C. Quintana, A. Greene, Z. Chen, J. Gross, F. Arute, “Time-Crystalline Eigenstate Order on a Quantum Processo,” Nature 601, no. 7894 (2021): 531–536.
  21. S. L. Campbell, R. B. Hutson, G. E. Marti, A. Goban, N. Darkwah Oppong, R. L. McNally, L. Sonderhouse, “A Fermi-degenerate Three-Dimensional Optical Lattice Clock,” Science (2017): 90–94.
  22. A. N. Pearson et al., “Measuring the Thermodynamic Cost of Timekeeping,” Phys. Rev. X 11, (2021): 021029 https://journals.aps.org/prx/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevX.11.021029.
  23. M. W. Kraus, P. K. Piff, D. Keltner, “Social Class as Culture: The Convergence of Resources and Rank in the Social Realm,” Current Directions in Psychological Science 20(4) (2011): 246–250. doi:10.1177/0963721411414654.
  24. M. W. Kraus, E. J. Horberg, J. L. Goetz, D. Keltner, “Social Class Rank, Threat Vigilance, and Hostile Reactivity,” Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin 37, no.10 (2011):1376–1388. doi:10.1177/0146167211410987.
  25. Pauline Pérez, Jens Madsen, Leah Banellis, Bașak Türker, Federico Raimondo, Vincent Perlbarg, Melanie Valente, et al., “Conscious Processing of Narrative Stimuli Synchronizes Heart Rate Between Individuals,” Cell Reports, 36, no. 11, (2021): 109692, ISSN 2211–1247, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.celrep.2021.109692.
  26. M. E. Peskin, D. V. Schroeder, An Introduction to Quantum Field Theory (Westview Press,1995), 80.   
  27. Robert Manduca, Robert J. Sampson, “Punishing and Toxic Neighborhood Environments Independently Predict the Intergenerational Social Mobility of Black and White Children,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no.16 (Apr 2019): 7772-7777, doi: 10.1073/pnas.1820464116.
  28. “Maternal Mortality World Health Organization 9/19/19,” https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/maternal-mortality
  29. E. E. Petersen, N. L. Davis, D. Goodman, et al., “Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Pregnancy-Related Deaths — United States, 2007–2016,” MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep 68, (2019): 762–765, http://dx.doi.org/10.15585/mmwr.mm6835a3 
  30. “UNICEF Malnutrition Reports 3/2020,” https://data.unicef.org/topic/nutrition/malnutrition/. 
  31. Asha DuMonthier, Chandra Childers, PhD, and Jessica Milli, PhD, “The Status of Black Women in the United States,” National Domestic Workers Alliance (Washing, DC: Institute for Women’s Policy Research, 2017),19, www.domesticworkers.org/sites/default/files/SOBW_report2017_compressed.pdf. 
  32. M. Carr, E. Wiemers, “The Decline in Lifetime Earnings Mobility in the U.S.: Evidence from Survey-Linked Administrative Data,” Washington Center for Equitable Growth, (2016), http://equitablegrowth.org/the-decline-in-lifetime-earnings-mobility-in-the-u-s-evidence-from-survey-linked-administrative-data

‍

1: AGE OF CRISIS

  1. M. Roser and E. Ortiz-Ospina, “Global Extreme Poverty,” Published online at OurWorldInData.org. (2013), Retrieved from: ‘https://ourworldindata.org/extreme-poverty’ [Online Resource]. 
  2. F. J. Zimmerman, N. W. Anderson, “Trends in Health Equity in the United States by Race/Ethnicity, Sex, and Income, 1993–2017,” JAMA Netw Open 2(6) (2019): e196386, doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.6386 
  3. R. B. Firestone, et al., “Evidence for an Extraterrestrial Impact 12,900 Years Ago that Contributed to the Megafaunal Extinctions and the Younger Dryas Cooling,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104, 41 (2007): 16016–16021. Web. 
  4. L. Boisvert, T. Vihma, C. Shie, “Evaporation from the Southern Ocean Estimated on the Basis of AIRS Satellite Data,” Journal of Geophysical Research—Atmospheres, (2019), doi: 10.1002/2019JD030845 https://earth.gsfc.nasa.gov/index.php/cryo/highlights/evaporation-southern-ocean-estimated-basis-airs-satellite-data 
  5. Lijing Cheng, et al., “Another Record: Ocean Warming Continues Through 2021 Despite La Niña Conditions,” Advanced in Atmospheric Sciences, (2020).
  6. D. K. Hall et al., “The Role of Declining Snow Cover in the Desiccation of the Great Salt Lake, Utah, using MODIS Data,” Remote Sensing of Environment, (2020), https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2020.112106. 
  7. University of Maryland, “The Sahara Desert Is Expanding: New Study Finds That the World’s Largest Desert Grew by 10 Percent Since 1920, Due in Part to Climate Change,” ScienceDaily, (2018), Retrieved March 6, 2022, www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2018/03/180329141035.htm.
  8. Hannah Ritchie and Max Roser, “Forests and Deforestation,” Published online at OurWorldInData.org. (2021), Retrieved from: https://ourworldindata.org/forests-and-deforestation.
  9. “Ecological Threat Register 2020: Understanding Ecological Threats, Resilience and Peace,” Sydney, Institute for Economics & Peace, (2020), accessed 23/11/20, http://visionofhumanity.org/reports.
  10. H. Goelzer, S. Nowicki, A. Payne, E. Larour, H. Seroussi, W. H. Lipscomb, J. Gregory, “The Future Sea-Level Contribution of the Greenland Ice Sheet: A Multi-model Ensemble Study of ISMIP6,” The Cryosphere 14, (2020): 3071–3096, https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-3071-2020. 
  11. Eric Post, Richard B. Alley, Torben R. Christensen, Marc Macias-Fauria, Bruce C. Forbes, Michael N. Gooseff, Amy Iler, et al., “The Polar Regions In a 2°C Warmer World,” Science Advances, (2019).  
  12. K. Hueffer, D. Drown, V. Romanovsky, et al., “Factors Contributing to Anthrax Outbreaks In the Circumpolar North,” EcoHealth 17 (2020): 174–180, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10393-020-01474-z. 
  13. R. Lindsey, “Climate Change: Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration,” US Department of Commerce, (2020), https://www.climate.gov/news-features/understanding-climate/climate-change-atmospheric-carbon-dioxide. 
  14. Cristian Román-Palacios, John J. Wiens, “Recent Responses to Climate Change Reveal the Drivers of Species Extinction and Survival,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117 (8) (Feb 2020): 4211-4217, DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1913007117
  15. “Climate Change Email Scandal Underscores Myth of Pure Science,” American Enterprise Institut, 2009.
  16. “Debunking Misinformation About Stolen Climate Emails in the “Climategate” Manufactured Controversy,” Union of Concerned Scientists (UCS), 2011.
  17. “Climategate (Part II),” American Enterprise Institute, 2011.
  18. “How Climate-Change Fanatics Corrupted Science,” American Enterprise Institute, 2010.
  19. “Factsheet: American Enterprise Institute, AEI,” ExxonSecrets.org., 2012.
  20. “Unreliable Sources: How the News Media Help the Koch Brothers and ExxonMobil Spread Climate Disinformation,” UCS, 2013.
  21. “AFP GA Activists Fire Major Shot Against Obama’s ‘War on Consumer Energy’ Agenda,” Americans for Prosperity, 2013.
  22. “The Many Benefits of Atmospheric CO2 Enrichment,” Center for the Study of Carbon Dioxide and Global Change, 2011. 
  23. “Federal Climatologists Pen Fantasy Novel,” Cato Institute, 2013. 
  24. “Heartland Institute Celebrates Earth Day with Release of New Book,” Heartland Institute, 2013. 
  25. H. R. Brannon, Jr., et al., “Radiocarbon Evidence on the Dilution of Atmospheric and Oceanic Carbon by Carbon from Fossil Fuels,” Eos Trans. AGU 38, no.5, (1957): 643–650, doi:10.1029/TR038i005p00643.
  26. E. Robinson, R. C. Robbins, “Sources, Abundance, and Fate of Gaseous Atmospheric Pollutants,” Final report and supplement. United States: Stanford Research Institute, Menlo Park, CA., (1968).
  27. K. Mulvey, et al., “The Climate Deception Dossiers,” (2015), https://www.ucsusa.org/sites/default/files/attach/2015/07/The-Climate-Deception-Dossiers.pdf. 
  28. P. Griffin, “CDP Carbon Majors Report The Carbon Majors Database,” (2017), https://6fefcbb86e61af1b2fc4-c70d8ead6ced550b4d987d7c03fcdd1d.ssl.cf3.rackcdn.com/cms/reports/documents/000/002/327/original/Carbon-Majors-Report-2017.pdf?1501833772. 
  29. Department of Economic and Social Affairs Indigenous Peoples (2020), United Nations, https://www.un.org/development/desa/indigenouspeoples/climate-change.html 
  30. Kanta Kumari Rigaud, Alex de Sherbinin, Bryan Jones, Jonas Bergmann, Viviane Clement, Kayly Ober, Jacob Schewe, et al., “Groundswell: Preparing for Internal Climate Migration,” World Bank, Washington, DC. © World Bank, 2018. https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/29461. 
  31. “2020 Election to Cost $14 Billion, Blowing Away Spending Records,” OpenSecrets.org (2020), https://www.opensecrets.org/news/2020/10/cost-of-2020-election-14billion-update. 
  32. “Total Cost of Election (1998-2020),” OpenSecrets.org (2020), https://www.opensecrets.org/elections-overview/cost-of-election?cycle=2020&display=T&infl=N. 
  33. “Forbes Publishes 34th Annual List Of Global Billionaires” April 7, 2020 Jan. 18, 2021 data: Forbes, “The World’s Real-Time Billionaires, Today’s Winners and Losers,” Institute for Policy Studies and Americans for Tax Fairness, (2021), March 18, 2020 data: Forbes, accessed Jan. 18, 2021, https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1LGeUxuE-Z2OyNKu54JQIffS1v588iUvV6yd6D2vH6Vc/edit#gid=1827827982 .
  34. United States Dept. of Labor, Accessed Dec. 26th, 2020, https://oui.doleta.gov/unemploy/claims.asp. 
  35. A. Sundaram, “Yelp Data Shows 60% of Business Closures Due to the Coronavirus Pandemic Are Now Permanent CNBC,” (2020), https://www.cnbc.com/2020/09/16/yelp-data-shows-60percent-of-business-closures-due-to-the-coronavirus-pandemic-are-now-permanent.html. 
  36. Richard Wilkinson, Kate Pickett, The Spirit Level, (Bloomsberry Press, 2010): 374 52, 67, 71, 92, 106.
  37. Kerry A. Dolan, Jennifer Wang, Chase Peterson-Withorn, “World’s Billionaire List,” Forbes, 2021, https://www.forbes.com/billionaires/. 
  38. R. A. Wright, Short History of Progress, (Da Capo Press, 2005), 224, 124.
  39. Desjardins, Jeff, “Visualizing How the 50 Largest U.S. Companies are Connected,” Visual Capitalist, 2018, https://www.visualcapitalist.com/50-largest-u-s-companies-board-members/. 
  40. William Kenneth Boyd, The Ecclesiastical Edicts of the Theodosian Code, (New York: Columbia University Press, 1905). 
  41. E. Palagi, “Social Play in Bonobos (Pan paniscus) and Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes): Implications for Natural Social Systems and Interindividual Relationships,” American Journal of Physical Anthropology 129, (2006): 415-426.
  42. P. Gray, “The Play Theory of Hunter-Gatherer Egalitarianism,” in Ancestral Landscapes in Human Evolution: Culture, Childrearing and Social Wellbeing, eds. D. Narvaez, K. Valentino, A. Fuentes, J. McKenna, and P. Gray (New York: Oxford University Press, 2014), 190–213. 
  43. R. Hershey, “F.C.C. VOTES DOWN FAIRNESS DOCTRINE IN A 4-0 DECISION,” The New York Times, 1987, https://www.nytimes.com/1987/08/05/arts/fcc-votes-down-fairness-doctrine-in-a-4-0-decision.html. 
  44. L. Boxell, M. Gentzkow, J., “Shapiro Cross-Country Trends in Affective Polarization,” 2020. doi:10.3386/w26669 https://www.nber.org/papers/w26669 
  45. Karl Popper, “The Open Society and Its Enemies” (New York: Routledge, 1945), 581. 
  46. D. Voramontri, L. Klieb, “Impact of Social Media on Consumer Behaviour,” 2018, International Journal of Information and Decision Sciences, 10.1504/IJIDS.2019.10014191, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326098250_Impact_of_Social_Media_on_Consumer_Behaviour 
  47. Karl Evers-Hillstrom, Majority of Lawmakers in 116th Congress Are Millionaires, OpenSecrets.org, 2020, https://www.opensecrets.org/news/2020/04/majority-of-lawmakers-millionaires/. 
  48. “The Productivity–Pay Gap,” Economic Policy Institute, 2019, https://www.epi.org/productivity-pay-gap/.
  49. Anna Massoglia, “‘Dark Money’ in Politics Skyrocketed in the Wake of Citizens United,” OpenSecrets, 2020, https://www.opensecrets.org/news/2020/01/dark-money-10years-citizens-united/.
  50. M. Gilens, B. Page, “Testing Theories of American Politics: Elites, Interest Groups, and Average Citizens,” Perspectives on Politics, 12(3) (2014): 564-581. doi:10.1017/S1537592714001595.
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  53. M. Francis, “U.S. Renewable Energy Consumption Surpasses Coal for the First Time in over 130 Years,” U.S. Energy Information Administration, 2020, https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=43895. 
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‍

2: INDIVIDUAL ACTUALIZATION

  1. T. Bridgman, S. Cummings, and J. Ballard, “Who Built Maslow’s Pyramid? A History of the Creation of Management Studies’ Most Famous Symbol and Its Implications for Management Education,” Academy of Management Learning & Education 18, no.1 (2019), https://journals.aom.org/doi/10.5465/amle.2017.0351. 
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  3. Greg J. Stephens, Lauren J. Silbert, Uri Hasson, “Speaker–Listener Neural Coupling Underlies Successful Communication,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 107, no. 32 (2010): 14425-14430, doi: 10.1073/pnas.1008662107.
  4. S. C. Tiwari, “Loneliness: A Disease?” Indian Journal of Psychiatry 55, no. 4 (2013): 320–322, https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-5545.120536 
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  48. G. Burghardt, “Play in Fishes, Frogs and Reptiles,” Current Biology 25, no.1, (2014): PR9-R10, 1/5/2015 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2014.10.027. 
  49. L. K. Kerr, “Synchronicity” in Encyclopedia of Critical Psychology, ed. Teo, T. Berlin, (Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag, 2013).
  50. Robert G. Sacco,  “The Predictability of Synchronicity Experience: Results from a Survey of Jungian Analysts” Canadian Center of Science and Education, International Journal of Psychological Studies 11, no. 3 (2019): 46–62.
  51. I. Berent et al., “Language Universals Engage Broca’s Area,” PLoS ONE 9, no. 4 (2014): e95155, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0095155.
  52. Wai Ting Siok, et al., “Language Regions of the Brain Are Operative in Color Perception,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 106, no. 20 (2009): 8140-8145, doi: 10.1073/pnas.0903627106.
  53. A. Leveridge, “The Relationship Between Language & Culture and the Implications for Language Teaching, “ Telfnet, 2008, https://www.tefl.net/elt/articles/teacher-technique/language-c.
  54. A. Weinberger et al., “Trends in Depression Prevalence in the USA from 2005 to 2015: Widening disparities in vulnerable groups,” Psychological Medicine 48, no. 8 (2018): 1308–1315, doi:10.1017/S0033291717002781
  55. Eva Thorisdottir Ingibjorg, PhD, et al., “Depressive Symptoms, Mental Wellbeing, and Substance Use Among Adolescents Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Iceland: A Longitudinal, Population-Based Study,” 2021, doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(21)00156-5, https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanpsy/article/PIIS2215-0366(21)00156-5/fulltext.
  56. H. Lagercrantz, J. P. Changeux, “The Emergence of Human Consciousness: From Fetal to Neonatal Life,” Pediatr Res. 65, no. 3, (2009 Mar): 255-60, doi: 10.1203/PDR.0b013e3181973b0d. PMID: 19092726.
  57. Physical discipline by parents has been associated with heightened risk for harm to children’s mental health, as well as to their cognitive, behavioral, social, and emotional development. (Bender et al., 2007; Bugental, Martorell, & Barraza, 2003; Coley et al., 2014; Dobbs, Smith, & Taylor, 2006; Gershoff & Grogan-Kaylor, 2016a; Gershoff, Sattler, & Ansari, 2018; Ma, 2016; Maguire-Jack et al., 2012; Maneta et al., 2017; Okuzono, Fujiwara, Kato, & Kawachi, 2017; Paolucci & Violato, 2004; Sheu, Polcari, Anderson, & Teicher, 2010; Tomoda, Suzuki, Rabi, Sheu, Polcari, & Teicher, 2009; Turner & Finkelhor, 1996; Vittrup & Holden, 2010; Zulauf, Sokolovsky, Grabell, & Olson, 2018). 
  58. Physical discipline is associated with increased adverse outcomes for children across racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic groups and across community contexts. (Aucoin, Frick, & Bodin, 2006; Bodovski & Youn, 2010; Bradley et al., 2001; Coley et al., 2014; Ellison, Musick, & Holden, 2011; Fish, Amerikaner & Lucas, 2007; Flouri & Midouhas, 2017; Gershoff & Grogan-Kaylor, 2016b; Gershoff, Lansford, Sexton, Davis-Kean, & Sameroff, 2012; Grogan-Kaylor, 2004, 2005b; Hendricks, Lansford, Deater-Deckard, & Bornstein, 2014; Lau, Litrownik, Newton, Black, & Everson, 2006; Ma, 2016; Ma & Grogan-Kaylor, 2017; Ma, Grogan-Kaylor & Lee, 2018; MacKenzie, Nicklas, Waldfogel, & Brooks-Gunn, 2012; McLoyd & Smith, 2002; Mulvaney & Mebert, 2007; Paolucci & Violato, 2004; Whiteside-Mansell, Bradley, & McKelvey, 2009; Vittrup & Holden, 2010; Wang & Kenny, 2014). 
  59. Research Indicates that physical discipline is not effective in achieving parents’ long-term goals of decreasing aggressive and defiant behavior in children or of promoting regulated and socially competent behavior in children. (Alampay, et al., 2017; Berlin et al., 2009; Campbell, Pierce, Moore, Marakovitz, & Newby, 1996; Cohen & Brook, 1995; Coley, Kull, & Carrano, 2014; Flouri & Midouhas, 2017; Grogan-Kaylor, 2004, 2005a; Gromoske & Maguire-Jack, 2012; Gunnoe & Mariner, 1997; Ma & Grogan-Kaylor, 2017; MacKenzie, Nicklas, Brooks-Gunn, & Waldfogel, 2015; Maguire-Jack, Gromoske, & Berger, 2012; Maneta, White, & Mezzacappa, 2017; Olson, Ewon Choe, & Sameroff; 2017; Olson, Lopez-Duran, Lunkenheimer, Chang, & Sameroff, 2011; Pagani et al., 2004; Paolucci & Violato, 2004; Piché, Huỳnh, Clément, & Durrant, 2016; Stormshak et al., 2000; Weiss, Dodge, Bates, & Pettit, 1992).

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3: SYSTEMIC ACTUALIZATION

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  2. “CFPB and DOJ Take Action Against National City Bank for Discriminatory Mortgage Pricing,” Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, 2013, https://www.consumerfinance.gov/about-us/newsroom/cfpb-and-doj-take-action-against-national-city-bank-for-discriminatory-mortgage-pricing/
  3. R. Rothstein, “A Comment on Bank of America/Countrywide’s Discriminatory Mortgage Lending and its Implications for Racial Segregation,” Economic Policy Institute Briefing Paper #335, 2012, https://files.epi.org/2012/bp335.pdf.
  4. Conciliation Agreement Complaint #00-12-0003-8, United States Department of Housing and Urban Development, 2015, https://www.hud.gov/sites/documents/EXECASSBANKCONAGRMNT.PDF. 
  5. M. Roser, “How Much Economic Growth Is Necessary to Reduce Global Poverty Substantially?” Our World in Data, 2021, last accessed Nov. 27th, 2021, last updated May 24, 2021, https://ourworldindata.org/poverty-minimum-growth-needed.
  6. I. Makarov, A. Schoar, Blockchain Analysis of the Bitcoin Market National Bureau of Economic Research (U.S), 2021, http://www.nber.org/papers/w29396.
  7. S. Levey, “Modeling Monopoly Money: Government as the Source of the Price Level and Unemployment,” Levy Institute Working Paper no. 992, 2021. 
  8. P. R. Tcherneva, “Inflationary and Distributional Effects of Alternative Fiscal Policies: An Augmented Minskyan-Kaleckian Model.“ Levy Institute Working Paper no. 706, (2012).
  9. Lorenz J. Jarass, Anthony E. Tokman, Mark L. J. Wright, “The Burden of Taxation in the United States and Germany,” Chicago Fed Letter, No. 382, 2017, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, https://www.chicagofed.org/publications/chicago-fed-letter/2017/382#ftn7. 
  10. Henry George, Progress and Poverty, (1879).
  11. Joseph Stiglitz, “The Origins of Inequality, And Policies to Contain It” (PDF), National Tax Journal 68 no. 2 (June 2015): 425–448.
  12. “Characteristics of Minimum Wage Workers,” US Bureau of Labor Statistics (2021) to BLS ReportsArticle PDF, 2020, https://www.bls.gov/opub/reports/minimum-wage/2020/home.htm. 
  13. A. Lincoln, Address Before the Wisconsin State Agricultural Society by Milwaukee, Wisconsin, (1859), http://www.abrahamlincolnonline.org/lincoln/speeches/fair.htm.
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  16. William G. Ross, World War I and the American Constitution (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2017), 79–81.
  17. Michael A. Janson and Christopher S. Yoo, “The Wires Go to War: The U.S. Experiment with Government Ownership of the Telephone System During World War I,” Faculty Scholarship, Paper 467 (2013), https://scholarship.law.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1466&context=faculty_scholarshi.
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  19. “An Introduction to the Basic Concepts of Food Security,” Food and Agriculture Organization, (2008), http://www.fao.org/docrep/013/al936e/al936e00.pdf. 
  20. T. Tempels, M. Verweij & V. Blok, “Big Food’s Ambivalence: Seeking Profit and Responsibility for Health,” American Journal of Public Health 107, no. 3 (2017): 402–406. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2016.303601. 
  21. “The Global Risks Report 2020,” World Economic Forum, 2020. 
  22. Gidon Eshel, Alon Shepon, Tamar Makov, Ron Milo, “Land, Irrigation Water, Greenhouse Gas, and Reactive Nitrogen Burdens of Meat, Eggs, and Dairy Production in The United States”  Proceeds of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, https://www.pnas.org/content/111/33/11996.
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  27. B. Mitchell, J. Franco, “HOLC ‘Redlinin’ Maps: The Persistent Structure of Segregation and Economic Inequality,” National Community Reinvestment Coalition, 2018, https://ncrc.org/wp-content/uploads/dlm_uploads/2018/02/NCRC-Research-HOLC-10.pdf.
  28. Danyelle Solomon, Connor Maxwell, Abril Castro, “Systemic Inequality: Displacement, Exclusion, and Segregation,” Center for American Progress, 2019, https://www.americanprogress.org/article/systemic-inequality-displacement-exclusion-segregation/. 
  29. Antony Flew, ed. “Golden Rule” A Dictionary of Philosophy (London: Pan Books in association with The MacMillan Press, 1979),134. 
  30. Paul Brand, Philip Yancey, Pain: The Gift Nobody Wants, Chapter 17: Intensifiers of Pain, quote pp. 274 and 275, (Zondervan and HarperCollins Publishers, New York, 1993). 
  31. Roosa Tikkanen, “Multinational Comparisons of Health Systems Data 2019,” The Common Wealth Fund, 01/30/20, https://www.commonwealthfund.org/sites/default/files/2020-01/Tikkanen_multinational_comparisons_hlt_sys_data_2019_01-30-2020.pdf.
  32. Alison P. Galvani, PhD, et al., “Improving the Prognosis of Health Care in the USA” published 2/15/20, The Lancet, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(19)33019-3.
  33. Works Cited Morra, Dante κ.ά., “US Physician Practices Versus Canadians: Spending Nearly Four Times as Much Money Interacting with Payers, Health Affairs” 30, no. 8: 1443–1450. Web.
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  35. Karen E. Joynt, E. John Orav, Ashish K. Jha, “Association Between Hospital Conversions to For-Profit Status and Clinical and Economic Outcomes,” JAMA, online October 21, 2014, doi:10.1001/jama.2014.13336. 
  36. Jill R. Horowitz, “Do Different Types of Hospitals Act Differently?” Law Quad. Notes 48, no.2 (2005): 94-7. 
  37. Manish Mittal, Chih-Hsiung E. Wang, Abigail H. Goben, Andrew D. Boyd, “Proprietary Management and Higher Readmission Rates: A Correlation,” PLoS ONE 13, no. 9 (2018): e0204272, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204272.
  38. “Nonprofit Hospitals and the Provision of Community Benefits,” 2016, Congressional Budget Offiice,  http://www.cbo.gov/sites/default/files/cbofiles/ftpdocs/76xx/doc7695/12-06-nonprofit.pd.
  39. Thomas C. Buchmueller, Alan C. Monheit, “Employer-Sponsored Health Insurance and the Promise of Health Insurance Reform” (PDF). Inquiry 46, no. 2, (2009): 187–202, doi:10.5034/inquiryjrnl_46.02.187. PMID 19694392. S2CID 9971656. 
  40. Peter A. Corning, (1969). The Evolution of Medicare: From Idea to Law, Chapter 2, The Second Round – 1927 to 1940, Washington, D.C.: Office of Research and Statistics, Social Security Administration. OCLC 25869. 
  41. “Institute of Medicine (US) Forum on Drug Discovery, Development, and Translation. Breakthrough Business Models: Drug Development for Rare and Neglected Diseases and Individualized Therapies: Workshop Summary.” (Washington (DC): National Academies Press (US), 2009), 2, Current Model for Financing Drug Development: From Concept Through Approval. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK50972/ 
  42. James Youngclaus, M. S., Sarah A. Bunton, PhD, Julie Fresne, MA, “An Updated Look at Attendance Cost and Medical Student Debt at U.S. Medical School, Association of American Medical Colleges Vol. 17, no.1 (August 2017), https://www.aamc.org/system/files/reports/1/august2017anupdatedlookatattendancecostandmedicalstudentdebtatu.pdf. 
  43. Ivy Morgan, Ary Amerikaner, “Funding Gaps 2018,” EdTrust.org, https://edtrust.org/resource/funding-gaps-2018/. 
  44. “School Choice in the United States: 2019,” National Center for Education Statistics, https://nces.ed.gov/programs/schoolchoice/index.asp. 
  45. “School Choice in the United States: 2019,” National Center for Education Statistics, Indicator 3: Private Schools and Enrollment, https://nces.ed.gov/programs/schoolchoice/ind_03.asp. 
  46. T. R. Walker, O. Adebambo, M. C. Del Aguila Feijoo, E. Elhaimer, T. Hossain, S. J. Edwards, C.E. Morrison, et al., “Environmental Effects of Marine Transportation,” World Seas: An Environmental Evaluation (2019): 505–530, doi:10.1016/B978-0-12-805052-1.00030-9. ISBN 978-0-12-805052-1. 
  47. John Vidal, “Health risks of shipping pollution have been ‘underestimated’,” The Guardian, retrieved June 11, 2012.
  48. Peter G. Ryan, Ben J. Dilley, Robert A. Ronconi, Maëlle Connan, “Rapid Increase in Asian Bottles in the South Atlantic Ocean Indicates Major Debris Inputs from Ships,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 42 (Oct 2019): 20892-20897, doi: 10.1073/pnas.1909816116.
  49. Thomas B. Dade, Warren F. Witzig, “Container Ships: Oil Fueled versus Nuclear Powered,” Nuclear Technology 22, no. 2 (1974): 196–223, doi: 10.13182/NT74-A31403.
  50. Han Chen, Danielle Droitsch, “Time for the US to End Fossil Fuel Subsidies,” NRDC, June 3, 2018, https://www.nrdc.org/experts/danielle-droitsch/time-us-end-fossil-fuel-subsidies.
  51. R. Holcombe, Liberty in Peril: Democracy and Power in American History, (Independent Institute, 2nd ed., 2019), xxii, 14, 15, 70, 75.
  52. Four Presidents Have Been Elected by the Electoral College who Lost the Popular Vote: Rutherford B. Hayes (R) in 1876, Benjamin Harrison (R) in 1888, George W. Bush (R) in 2000, Donald Trump (R) in 2016.
  53. B. A. Wallace, “A Buddhist View of Free Will: Beyond Determinism and Indeterminism,” Journal of Consciousness Studies vol. 18, no.’s 3–4 (2011): 217–233(17). 
  54. C. S. Soon, M. Brass, H. J. Heinze, and J. D.Haynes, Nature Neurosci, doi: 10.1038/nn.2112 (2008).
  55. D. DeSilver, “U.S. Trails Most Developed Countries in Voter Turnout,” Pew Research Center, 2015, https://pewrsr.ch/2LjNokk, updated Nov. 3, 2020.
  56. Samuel R. Bondurant, Jason M. Lindo, Isaac D. Swensen, “Substance Abuse Treatment Centers and Local Crime,“ Journal of Urban Economics, (2018).
  57. B. Dong, P. H. Egger, and Y. Guo, “Is Poverty the Mother of Crime? Evidence from Homicide Rates in China,” PloS One 15, no. 5 (2020): e0233034, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0233034.
  58. L. Sadowski et al., “Effect of a Housing and Case Management Program on Emergency Department Visits and Hospitalizations Among Chronically Homeless Adults,” JAMA 30, no. 17 (2009): 1771-1778; Basu A., et al., “Comparative Cost Analysis of Housing and Case Management Program for Chronically Ill Homeless Adults Compared to Usual Care,” Journal of Health Services Research (2012), doi: 10.1111/j.1475-6773.2011.01350.
  59. Gerod Hall et al., “Public Service Use and Costs Associated with NY/NY III’s Supportive Housing for Active Substance Users,” Columbia University, The National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse, 2014. 
  60. The Economic Journal, 121 (May): 463–484, doi: 10.1111/j.1468-0297.2011.02430.x.Ó2011 The Authors. The Economic Journal published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of the Royal Economic Society. Published by Blackwell Publishing.
  61. David Vine, “Lists of U.S. Military Bases Abroad, 1776–2021,” American University Digital Research Archive, 2021, https://doi.org/10.17606/7em4-hb13.
  62. Eric Schmitt, Declan Walsh, “U.S. Missiles Found in Libyan Rebel Camp Were First Sold to France,” The New York Times, July 2019, https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/09/world/middleeast/us-missiles-libya-france.html.
  63. Nima Elbagir, Salma Abdelaziz, Mohamed Abo ElGheit, Laura Smith-Spark, “Sold to an Ally, Lost to an Enemy,” CNN, https://www.cnn.com/interactive/2019/02/middleeast/yemen-lost-us-arms/.
  64. Mandy Smithberger, “Brass Parachutes: The Problem of the Pentagon Revolving Door Project,” On Government Oversight, 2018, https://www.pogo.org/report/2018/11/brass-parachutes/. 
  65. Oliver Belcher, Patrick Bigger, Ben Neimark, Cara Kennelly, “Hidden Carbon Costs of the ‘Everywhere War’: Logistics, Geopolitical Ecology, and the Carbon Boot-Print of the US Military,” Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, 2019, DOI: 10.1111/tran.12319. 
  66. Stewart M. Powell,  “Asset Forfeiture Both an Effective Tool, Civil-Liberties Nightmare” San Francisco Chronicle, May 26, 2013. 
  67. W. Freivogel, “No Drugs, No Crime and Just Pennies for School: How Police Use Civil Asset Forfeiture,” Pulitzer Center, 2019, https://pulitzercenter.org/stories/no-drugs-no-crime-and-just-pennies-school-how-police-use-civil-asset-forfeiture. 
  68. “War Comes Home: The Excessive Militarization of American Policing,” American Civil Liberties Union, 2014, https://www.aclu.org/sites/default/files/assets/jus14-warcomeshome-report-web-rel1.pdf.
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  70. James W. Loewen, Lies Across America: What Our Historic Sites Get Wrong, The New Press, 2013. Print. 
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4:  ACTIONIZING ASCENDENCY

  1. Eric Glen Weyl, Puja Ohlhaver, Vitalik Buterin, “Decentralized Society: Finding Web3’s Soul,” May 10, 2022, http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.4105763.
  2. U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Reports, Estimates of the Population of the United States by Single Years of Age, Color, and Sex: 1900 to 1959 (Series P-25, No. 311); Estimates of the Population of the United States, by Age, Sex, and Race: April 1, 1960, to July 1, 1973 (Series P-25, No. 519); Preliminary Estimates of the Population of the United States by Age, Sex, and Race: 1970 to 1981 (Series P-25, No. 917); and Intercensal Estimates for 1980–1989, 1990–1999, and 2000–2009. The data for 2010 to 2020 is based on the population estimates released for July 1, 2020. 

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